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LCA Methodology

LCA is a technique for assessing the environmental impacts associated with a product or service. The internationally agreed standard for LCA has been developed by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), and this is documented in four environmental management system standards (the ISO 14000 series). The methodology is generally broken up into four stages¹:

1. Definition of the goal and scope

2. Life-cycle inventory analysis

3. Life-cycle impact assessment

4. Life-cycle interpretation

Computer-aided Modeling

Life cycle assessment is usually considered as the basic principle for developing general guidelines to evaluate how clean is clean.  Computer-aided LCA "modeling methodology categorizes and quantifies the environmental attributes of a certain product within its life cycle into major impact groups, such as ozone depletion, greenhouse-gas emission and acid rain, etc. Parameters and indicators are defined to represent the different attributes. The LCA methodology consists of inventory analysis, impact analysis and interpretation. It is not straightforward and requires a huge number of data. It usually needs professional service to perform a good and reliable LCA study."⁴